Creating Good Emergency Lesson Plans

Making Good Emergency Lesson Plans Educators are required to have a lot of crisis exercise designs so that in case of a crisis there is no break in the conveyance of guidance. There can be any number of motivations to require crisis designs: a demise in the family, a mishap, or an abrupt disease. Since these sorts of crises can emerge whenever, crisis exercise plans ought to be not be related with exercises that are a piece of a succession. Rather, crisis exercise plans ought to be identified with points shrouded in your study hall, yet not part of center guidance.  Notwithstanding theâ reason for your nonattendance, your substitute plans ought to consistently incorporate data basic to the activity of the study hall. This data ought to be copied in the crisis exercise envelope. For each class period, there ought to be class records (with parent telephone numbers/email), seating diagrams, times for an assortment of timetables (entire day, half-day, specials, and so on) and a general remark on your techniques. The fire drill method and a duplicate of the understudy handbook ought to be remembered for the organizer just as any uncommon school strategies. While as yet remembering an understudies right to security, you may likewise leave general notes to set up the substitute for any unique needs understudies. You may likewise give the names and showing assignments of those teachers close to the homeroom in the occasion your substitute may require prompt help. At last, if your school has a substitute sign in for PC use, you may leave that data or a contact for the substitute to demand a sign in. Rules for Emergency Lesson Plans The rules that ought to be utilized in building up a decent crisis exercise is like what you may leave for a planned nonappearance. The plans include: Kind of learning: crisis exercise plans ought exclude new learning, but instead work with ideas or rules that understudies as of now comprehend in yourâ subject area. Timelessness: Because emergenciesâ can happen anytimeâ during the school year, these plans should deliver ideas critical to the order, yet not attached to a specificâ unit. These plans ought to likewise be returned to during the school year and balanced dependent on what points understudies have covered.Length: In numerous schoolâ districts, the proposal is that crisis exercise plans should bolster a substitute for at least three days. Accessibility: The materials in crisis exercise plans ought to be arranged with the goal that understudies of all degrees of capacity will have the option to finish the work. In the event that the plans call for bunch work, youâ should leave suggestions on the most proficient method to sort out understudies. Substitute plans ought to be contain interpreted materials for English Language Learners if there is a need. Resources: All materials for theâ emergency exercise plans ought to be readied and, if conceivable,  left in the envelope. All papers ought to be duplicated ahead of time, and a couple of additional duplicates included the occasion the homeroom numbers have changed. There ought to be bearings with respect to where different materials (books, media, supplies, and so forth) can be located.â While you need to ensure that your understudies are occupied with significant exercises, you likewise ought to envision the measure of work you will get when you return. Your first response might be to stuff the envelope with various worksheets to keep understudies involved. Coming back to class to confront an organizer loaded up with occupied work doesn't profit you or your understudies.  A better approach to help the substitute is to give materials and exercises that connect with understudies and can reach out over some stretch of time.  Recommended Emergency Lesson Plans Ideas Here are a few thoughts that you can use as you make your own crisis exercise plans: There are constantly broadened inquiries from sections in your reading material that you may never get to during the school year.â The all-encompassing responseâ questions (once in a while named further study...) now and again take additional time than a class period or they might be all the more testing and involveâ applying aptitudes understudies as of now haveâ in taking care of bona fide or genuine issues. There might be situations for understudies to attempt. A model of what is relied upon ought to be given to the substitute.There might be articles that are identified with your order with questions that understudies can reply. On the off chance that there are no inquiries with the perusing, you can utilize these four close perusing addresses that meet the Common Core Literacy Standards. You should leave a guide to demonstrate for understudies with the goal that they should know to give proof from the content to each question.What is the creator revealing to me? Any hard o r significant words? What do they mean? What does the creator need me to understand?How does the creator play with language to add to significance? Contingent upon the media accessible in your school, you might need to utilize short recordings (TED-ED Talks, Discovery Ed, and so on ) that are frequently trailed by questions. On the off chance that questions are not accessible, similar inquiries utilized for an article (see above) can be utilized in reacting to media. Once more, you might need to leave a model reaction for understudies to see.If your understudies are fit to do composing improvement exercises freely, and relying upon the understudy access to investigate devices, you could leave a visual (painting, photograph, or realistic) that is identified with your teach and have the substitute utilize the Question Formulation Technique. The visual can be a recent development photograph, an infographic for math, or a work of art of a scene for a storys setting.This strategy permits understudies to pose their own inquiries and work off their peers’ questions. In this action, the substitute would pose understudies to figur e the same number of inquiries as they can about the visual. Have the studentsâ write down each question precisely as it is expressed; at that point have the studentsâ determine which questions can be replied and which need more exploration. The substitute can lead the class inâ prioritizing the inquiries. At that point, the understudies can pick (at least one), and do the examination so as to react. Leaving the Plans While crisis exercise plans won't spread material you are presently chipping away at in your group, you should utilize this chance to broaden their insight about your control.  It is consistently a smart thought to stamp the area of your crisis exercise designs in a spot not the same as your regularâ substitute organizer.  Many schools request the crisis exercise plans be left in the fundamental office. In any case, you might not have any desire to remember them for the organizer in order to maintain a strategic distance from confusion.â At the point when crises come up and expel you from the homeroom out of the blue, it is a great idea to be readied. Realizing that you have left plans that will connect with your understudies will likewise limit wrong understudy conduct, and coming back to manage discipline issues will make your arrival to the study hall progressively troublesome. These crisis exercise plans may set aside effort to get ready, yet realizing that your understudies have important exercises while you are not accessible can remove the pressure from the crisis and make your arrival to class progressively smooth.

Graduation Speech -- Graduation Speech, Commencement Address

It has been said that the most ideal approach to make your fantasies work out as expected is to wake up. However, as I think back about our years together at Lafayette, I understand it takes quite a lot more to achieve your fantasies. Battles, triumphs, delights, distresses, understandings, disarrays, these cognizant encounters have made ready for us to be here today around evening time, driving us to the acknowledgment we had always wanted. This service today denotes the conclusion to four nerve-wracking, industrious, years and the start of something which, albeit hard to foresee, is destined to be at any rate the best experience we as grown-ups have set out upon yet. The achievement, which we will face and the numerous difficulties, which lie ahead, will think about the aptitudes, we have gained together. Our brains have been tested, extended, and sustained by our educators. We got learned in Math, Science, English, History, and the Arts, and with this information we had the option to plot practical courses for our fantasies. Our instructors turned into our coaches and by and large our dear companions. It is because of their consolation and genuine conviction that we ...

How to Save Money on Plane Tickets and Air Travel

How to Save Money on Plane Tickets and Air Travel How to Save Money on Plane Tickets and Air Travel How to Save Money on Plane Tickets and Air TravelShopping around for cheap plane tickets is only step one as many discount flights have extra hidden costs that can jack up your total bill.When you’re going on a vacation, the last thing you want is for that trip to drive you into debtâ€"possibly forcing you to take out a bad credit loan (especially a short-term payday loan or cash advance) to cover future costs.While that means planning ahead and budgeting for your trip, it also means saving as much money as you can on travel costs. And if you’re flying, that means finding the cheapest tickets possible.On that front, we’ve got some good news and some bad news.“Todays travelers expect to score low-cost plane tickets whenever and wherever they fly. Budget carriers willingly offer more routes around the world with the lowest prices,” said former travel agent and child passenger safety expert Grainne Kelly. We can also compare the prices of flights with the many different websit es available to travelers. With a discounted flight, we assume there will be fewer perks and passenger services, and we’re typically fine with that for the reduced fare.”But all is not peachy keen in the world of budget traveling. As Kelly went on to explain, hidden fees and added costs can easily erase many of the hard-won savings that one has earned by shopping around.Finding inexpensive tickets is the first stepâ€"and we’ve included many tips in this article to help you sniff them out. But once you’ve booked your flight, you’ll have to keep an eye out for additional ways to save. Otherwise, you’ll find yourself back at square one.Book early.“When should people book tickets for travel? Dont wait!” said Scott Wainner (@scottwww), founder CEO the travel search engine (and app) Fareness.com  (@fareness). In general, the longer you wait to book, the more expensive the airfare will be. Try to plan in advance and snag plane tickets as soon as you can.”Be flexible.“T ry to be open-minded when booking travel and dont get attached to one specific travel date and location,” said Wainner. “Look around at prices, and then determine when and where you might want to travel to.”In this regard, sites like Fareness can be a useful tool for consumers, as they provide an easy way to compare ticket prices across different airlines and travel days.The more flexible you are on your dates, your connections, and your departure times, the better able you’ll be to find your cheapest option.Try to get a  bag checked for free.Checking bags is going to cost you extra, especially on a discounted flight. But Kelly disclosed this helpful tip to try and get around paying that additional (often hefty) fee.“If you have a larger carry-on and later decide after you go through security that you would rather check it, try to get it checked for free at the gate,” she advised.“Wait until everyone else boards the flight with their carry-ons, as the plane will likely run out of room for bags and the attendant will then check your carry-on suitcase for free for you.”“Always ask at the gate if there is room or if they should check your bag, as they are usually happy to check it. It makes it easier for them to ensure everything else fits in-cabin storage.”Watch out for hidden taxes.Whenever you’re making any large purchase, you should doublecheck that the price stated doesn’t include any hidden costsâ€"including taxes. The same holds true for airline tickets.“It’s never fun to realize the quoted online price does not include taxes until after you hit the purchase button,” said Kelly. “Taxes can tack on several hundred dollars, resulting in your ‘discounted’ ticket not being as discounted as you assumed.”Are some days better than others?This is one of the areas where there was a bit of a disagreement between Kelly and Wainner.“The best time to buy domestic airfare is on Tuesdays around lunchtime,” said Kelly, citing the fact that airline sales typically only last three days or less and tend to publish on Tuesdays. “Also,” she added, “the best days to travel are Tuesday, Wednesday, and Saturday.”While Tuesday has a reputation for being the best (aka, the cheapest) day to fly, Wainner disagreed with this assumption. “There really isnt one day that is best to book,” he said. “Prices tend to fluctuate so its important to search with enough time to get the best deal.”Wainner went on to describe how Fareness was designed to make comparing dates easier:“We are the first and only site that enables consumers to select a specific city or an entire destination category along with a wide range of dates for travel to see the lowest prices trip options with a single and quick search,” he said.Travel in the off-season.If you’re flying at a time of year when everyone else is looking to travel, you’re probably going to end up paying more. Luckily, the reverse is also true.“Travel in the of f-season, as you can get better deals for flights and hotels. Excursions and local sites also offer cheaper prices,” said Kelly. “Another perk is that you don’t have to fight as many tourists and can experience a private beach or more entertainment options.”As for flying on a holiday, Wainner said that this wouldn’t always mean snagging a cheaper flight, but that it was certainly worth checking. And even when you’re open to flying on a holiday, he stressed the importance of checking the surrounding dates to ensure you find the cheapest fare.Prepare for a longer route.If you’re trying to save money on a flight, you might find yourself faced with a choice between picking the cheaper flight or the shorter one.“Many discounted flights include at least one layover, sometimes two, depending on the destination,” said Kelly. “So it will take longer to get to your endpoint and may include layovers that are lengthy.But for those travelers looking to save money, a layover m ight be well worth it! And if they’re willing to get up in the dead of night to make it to the airport, even better! According to Kelly, many discounted flights are offered at off-peak times, which means that they depart early in the morning or very late at nightâ€"sometimes both.Always read the fine print.  Similar to keeping an eye out for added taxes, savers should carefully read the fine print and the terms and conditions to sniff out additional fees or costs.“There could be charges for baggage, carry-ons, dimensions/weight of your baggage, snacks/meals, and more,” said Kelly. Be prepared ahead of time so you’re not hit with sticker shock at the airport. This is how the airlines make up for missing revenue.”She went on to cite a rather innovative new way that airlines are starting to smuggle in extra costs. Luckily, this is one fee that’s easy to avoid.“Some airlines now charge to print boarding passes at the airport,” she said. “Save yourself the fees and pri nt them at home.Confirm every letter is correct and reconfirm the travel dates,” she continued. “Changing even the smallest item can result in an additional charge.”Lay the groundwork for upgrades.Wouldn’t you love to fly in first class without having to pay first-class prices? If there are available first-class upgrades offered at the gate, you might well be able to!There are a couple of things you can do to maximize your chances at scoring one. The first is a long-term bet, while the second is something you can do the day of.“Whats your best advice for scoring a free upgrade on a flight? Be loyal,” advised Wanner. “Try to pick an airline and stick with it. The best way to score upgrades is to be a loyal flier and one with a lot of miles. So if you stick with one airline as much as possible, you have a better shot at the upgrade.”Kelly, meanwhile, suggested that you’ll better your chance of moving to first-class by dressing the part. “Poise yourself for an upgra de by dressing in business casual, she said. If your flight is oversold, you could potentially get upgraded to first-class, but your attire will play a part in the airline’s decision.”She also mentioned one thing that you definitely shouldn’t do: “Avoid asking for an upgrade at the ticket counter, as service staff are bombarded with upgrade requests and this might actually hurt your chances.”Seat assignments not guaranteed.If you’re not particular about where you sit, you’ll have an easier time finding cheap fares.“Most discount carriers do not offer seat assignments, but rather operate on a first come, first serve basis,” explained Kelly. “So plan to be at the gate early to queue up for a decent seat next to your family or travel companion.”Keep an open mind.“Check nearby airports, ones that you might not normally fly out of, as prices might be cheaper,” advised Wainner. “Ive been known to save $500 just by flying into a different airport!”$500 in exch ange driving an extra hour or two to another airport? Worth it!Bring some snacks.  â€œMost discounted carriers no longer include meals in their flights and expect you to pay for them onboard. The standard soft drink and bag of pretzels will most likely not be included either,” said Kelly.“Plan ahead and pack yourself plenty of snacks and other food to tide you over until you reach your destination. Remember that you can’t bring liquids through security, so you’ll need to purchase them near your gate or onboard the flight.”Remember: Saving money on air travel starts with finding cheap tickets, but it doesn’t end until you walk off that final flight. To learn more about saving money on travel-related costs, check out these other posts and articles from OppLoans:Cheapest Ways to Travel, Part One: The JourneyCheapest Ways to Travel, Part Two: The DestinationHow to Save Money on Holiday Travel8 Handy Tips for Road Tripping on the CheapDo you have a   personal finance questio n youd like us to answer? Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.  |  InstagramContributorsGrainne  Kelly  is a former  travel  agent and  mom  of two who revolutionized the child  travel  industry by inventing  BubbleBum: The worlds  first  portable, inflatable car booster seat that weighs less than one pound and can deflate in seconds, making it simple to throw in a backpack or tote bag. It’s ideal for everyday rides and carpooling as well as road  trips, fly-ins with car  rental, taxis, Uber/Lyft rides. Its compact design allows for three across the back. BubbleBum  is the 8x winner of the IIHS Best Bet for Car Booster Safety award.Scott  Wainner  (@scottwww)  is a serial entrepreneur with a 20-year track record of creating successful companies. At age 16, he built a hardware reviews site called SysOpt, and later sold it for $4M at age 21. He then created a business called ResellerRatings to help consumers shop safely online, which reached $6M/year in revenue and had 2,000 online retail customers.  Wainner  sold ResellerRatings to Answers.com in 2012 for $34M as the sole shareholder with no debt. Passionate about travel from an early age,  Wainner  conceived the idea for his next venture based on his own personal frustration to find the best fares.   In planning all of that travel, he became frustrated with just how hard it is to find and compare airfares, and how many hours and days it takes to search for the many destination and date combinations needed to find the best fares.  Fareness.com  (@fareness)  was launched in September 2016 as a solution to this problem, revealing fares across hundreds of dates and global destinations at a glance.

People Management In Social Work Services Business Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 14 Words: 4186 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? I intend to reflect critically upon my role in undertaking human resource management (HRM) within my own agency. Firstly, I will examine what HRM is and how it has developed within Social Work Service (SWS) and specifically within my own organisation. I will examine and reflect upon specific HRM tasks in which I have been involved relation to myself, the staff I supervise, the organisation and the profession. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "People Management In Social Work Services Business Essay" essay for you Create order In doing so I will consider to what extent the changes in the management of SWS have been positive. Human Resource Management Since the 1980s, there have been attempts to install a culture of management in local councils, which has continued to the current day. Previous practices were criticised for being inefficient, self-serving and failing to respond to the needs of clients. Some commentators suggested that social services were ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦a metaphor for all that was considered to be wrong with the welfare state (Harris and McDonald, 2000, p57). It was argued social work needed to adopt the practices and the priorities of commercial firms. HRM is the staffing function of the organisation. It includes the activities of human resources planning, recruitment, selection, orientation, training, performance appraisal and clear employment procedures. Previously many large organisations saw people management as the primary responsibility of the personnel secti on. Beaumont (1993, p10) states that, The concept and practice of human resource management are widely held to have evolved out of the prior area of personnel administration. He goes on to argue that HRM came into fashion due to the competitive market, the successes of the Japanese system and the high performance of individual companies which accord human resource management a relatively high priority, the declining union member numbers, the growth of white sector employment and the need for personnel departments to have more involvement with management thinking (p.11). To address these changes human resource techniques have been applied. Personnel  management  can be seen as administrative in nature, dealing with  payroll, employment law, and related tasks. Whereas HRM focuses on managing the workforce as a resources necessary to the success of the organisation. Torrington and Hall cited in Mullins see the nature and degree of difference between person nel management and HRM as remaining largely matters of opinion rather than fact and the similarities are much greater than the differences (1996, p18). What is important to me as a manager of people is that it stresses the role of line managers in regulating their own staff. Beaumont (1995, pp18-19) argues that it makes use of the techniques of strategic management for the operation of human resources. Within commercial firms, HRM policies strive to get the best out of the workforce by keeping morale high and fostering good working relationships with decent working conditions: The manager needs to understand how to make the best use of human resources of the organization. The promotion of good human relations is an integral part of the process of management and improved organizational performance (1996, p625). CHECK REF DATES HERE AND MATCH ON BIBL. Social Work Services are required to constantly respond and adapt to the changing social, economic and political influences pr evalent at any given time. In recent years, a number of important legislative and policy initiatives have resulted in increased demand on social work services. Within my agency, a package of measures to assist in the retention and recruitment of qualified fieldwork staff was approved. The Staffing Establishment: Review of Fieldwork Staff Report (GCC 2003) highlighted that; the organisational model prior to the review was thought to be outmoded. There was seen to be a need to change the model of frontline service delivery to reflect the changes in the external environment. In reviewing the current deployment of staff, a number of conclusions were reached. It was found that experienced and qualified staff were in a system, which did not appropriately recognise their core professionalism and capacity for decision-making. There was a lack of continuous professional development and limited career development opportunities for support staff. To address the above a new model of servi ce delivery was implemented. It was a radical shift from the status quo in recognition of the need for an effective solution to the long-standing and complex difficulties in recruiting and retaining a skilled motivated workforce able to provide quality social work service. This introduced a new framework for the management and delivery of core social work services. These changes have created significant opportunities for new professional development and leadership. Action was required to make staff feel valued, to improve internal communications, manage change better and to improve the involvement and support of staff. The agency has aimed to tackle the key issues of recruitment, basic pay, learning and development opportunities, internal communication and staff participation in decision-making. One example is that Team Leaders got the opportunity to undertake the Social Work Management Course to enable them to become better managers of people. Salaries were increased and ther e is more career progression. The organisation has bought into the commercial model that the most effective organisations make the best use of their human resources. An organizations employees are a major asset, not only in themselves, but also because the organizations whole reputation and future success depends on them Coulshed and Mullender (2006, p161) .Similarly Beaumont argues (1993) that HRM practices value employee participation, are founded on robust recruitment strategies and that should be considered as part of the business plan. There is now a further review-taking place aimed at saving several million pounds while protecting front-line services. This is ongoing. Recruitment Recruitment lays the groundwork for obtaining suitably qualified employees in order to contribute to achieving corporate goals in an efficient and cost-effective manner, (Foot Hook, 1999). The recruitment process has significantly improved in Glasgow. Glossy brochures, DVDs, CDs and recruit ment fairs are all strategies employed to attract the best candidates. Factors adversely affecting recruitment include the professions poor image, stressful and difficult work, poor pay and conditions. Salary scales were substantially increased, a commitment to continuous learning, and the opportunity to work more flexibly were introduced. It will be interesting to see if this can be sustained in the current financial climate and under a changed government. I am acutely aware of the increased pressures that can arise for the team managing the extra problems, which come because of staff shortages. I spent a period managing a team, which had a 60% vacancy rate. I was involved in gaining the appropriate authority for recruiting replacements to my team (evidence-see Arndale stuff-David McCrae or Liz Frew). Ward discusses how it is a key activity for managers to recruit the best people. He explains that how this is done is important to whether a new employee feels part of the team or not. According to Ward the management team have to be clear about the job specification so it is clear what tasks the potential employee requires to be able to complete (Ward in Seden and Reynolds 2003). However, staff recruited as part of a larger recruitment campaign and interviewed in another part of the city filled some of the teams vacancies. I have been involved in interviewing on several occasions, but this has never been directly to my own team. (Witness statement re interviewing?) I work in a large agency and the HRM department continues to coordinate most of the recruitment tasks. I feel it is vital that we have a system that allows managers to feed into the process. With regard to recruitment, it may be desirable to devolve HMR activities to a local fieldwork management level. Managers should be more involved with the recruitment process contributing directly to the selection of a prospective team employee/successful candidate. In order to encourage finding the right p erson I network at events. If someone has a good reputation, I am proactive in encouraging him or her to apply to us. Collins (2009, p181) states, Those who build great organizations make sure they have the right people on the bus, the wrong people off the bus, and the right people in the key seats before they figure out where to drive the bus. Through networking, I have been able to influence this with regard to internal transfers. (EVIDENCE) However, I can also see the flaws in being so directly involved in recruiting for your own team. I was asked onto an interview panel for Health colleagues and it was clear that one of the candidates being a close relative of the service manager influenced the two Health managers, who were recruiting directly to their team. This type of practice can be risky: Selecting the wrong person for the post has implications for that individualÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦service usersÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦colleaguesÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å ¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦damaging to the organisationÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦.upsets valued staffÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦complaintsÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦even litigation, make improved selection procedures look cheap at the price. (Coulshed and Mullender 2006, p131). Induction Coulshed Mullender (2006, pp158-159) argue that the orienting of new members of staff is sometimes ignored in management literature. This lack of attention to staff induction has been evident in my setting. I have worked for my employers for about 15 years and have never received formal induction training. However, over recent years there has been a gradual process to improve this. Initially some personnel sections developed a brief induction package to explain issues like absence reporting, use of flexi leave and working hours. Whether you received this would depend on which geographic area you worked in. More recently, this has been formalised with a general induction package developed b y our training section and provided annually. This still focuses on conditions of service and is not routinely offered to new workers, but has to be applied for at appropriate times during its rolling programme. Induction to the actual post is dependent upon your line manager and there is no formal standard or monitoring of this. Before being a manager, I was a practice teacher. I used to give new students Learning Styles Questionnaires. I found that most students tended to fall somewhere between being pragmatists and activists. I have tried to keep using these and find it a useful tool for creating discussion with new workers. I recognise that this is still not adequate to help new employees develop their roles and I hope to expand on it. Not enough action is being taken by my team to improve the quality of new members and although I do contribute, there should be a more holistic, systematic approach. EVIDENCE. Consequently, I did not always arrange for students to visit differe nt resources and do the standard induction tour. Instead, I gave them casework, which involved contacting and visiting various agencies. I found that often students learned most successfully when actively participating in a defined task. I recognised the need for a pre task meeting to enable discussion the techniques and reasons for completing the task. After the task, we would use supervision to provide feedback and enable reflection. I have continued to use this method as a manager when supporting new workers. (EVIDENCE) Over the years, I have had opportunities to reflect on this during Effective Learning for Social Work Management Module of this course. This encouraged me to look at the work of Kolb (1984) and Honey and Mumford (1982). Much of this reflection and learning has reinforced my technique. However, it has also encouraged me to question if I am being negligent by not developing a formal induction package. I have raised this at management team meetings and ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢ €šÂ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦. Evidence? Following induction, it is important to provide continuous professional development opportunities including ongoing supervision and appraisal. Supervision The employment relationship plays a vital role in maintaining skilled and motivated workforces, (Clark, 2004). Hawkins and Shohet state, Supervision, like helping, is not a straightforward process and is even more complex than working with clients. (2005, p5) Good managers understand their people and work with them. They want to see a satisfied staff and support them in developing their roles. Humphries (1995, p38) states, A common myth is that everybody is motivated by money. He argues that the greatest motivator is recognition and respect. Clark (2004) also points out that the relationship between employees and management teams not only affects the performance of the corporation but also influences the retention of employees. Getting across to them that you are interested in them a s a person is important as is listening to them. Evaluation is essential to the agencys function, the individuals professional growth development while safeguarding clients and others. My agency has developed a Personal Action and Development Plan (PDP) tool that is used to provide staff appraisal and support continuous professional development. PDPS allow the organisation to get best value whilst investing in the individual, by developing their competence. This is a useful tool for ensuring that these tasks are completed although it can feel that the supervisor and the supervisee are trying to fit into a format. Coulshed and Mullender, (2006, pp 171-172) discuss the negative aspects of appraisal schemes highlighting the top down approach taken. This may incur feelings of anxiety and mistrust making staff feel defensive. It is important to be clear whether PDPs are measuring behaviours, the performance of technical tasks, attitudes and interaction, practice knowledge and skil ls, quality of work, delivery of outcomes, meeting organisational requirements or a combination of these. However, I am concerned at the lack of autonomy now afforded to social work professionals. Central government and employers are now more able to prescribe the process and content of social work education and training (Orme, 2001). Tightly drawn legislation and guidance was also introduced. As a result, over the past decade social work has become a more accountable and procedurally regulated activity. I recognise that there are many forms of evaluation and that most contact I have with my supervisees contributes to the evaluation process. According to Kadushin Harkness, evaluations are as ubiquitous and necessary as they are inevitable. There is no way of not communicating an evaluative message. (2002, p329). The main tool I use to evaluate is formal supervision. Having been a practice teacher has helped me to do this in a structured manner. Richards and Payne (1991) de scribe four main functions of supervision: Management Education Support Mediation If we are to remove one element then the process becomes potentially less satisfying to both the immediate parties and less effective. This is similar to the functions highlighted in my agencies own supervision procedures. I have been given authority by the agency to oversee the work of the supervisee. This carries the responsibility: both to ensure that agency policy is implemented which implies a controlling function and a parallel responsibility to enable supervisees to work to the best of their ability. (Brown and Bourne 1995, p10) It is also crucial to remember the function of the agency to provide the best possible service to empower users. Initially I found conflict in this role. As a practice teacher I found it rewarding to assist, others develop their social work skills. This has continued to be a major role of supervision as a manager, but combined with this the re is more pressure to ensure workers are accountable and that we as an organisation are getting as much from workers as possible, which can create tension. (Witness statements re supervision) As Salaman (1995, p63) argues, managers must have a concern for both performance and learning: The essentially managerial aspects of managers work is their responsibility for monitoring and improving the work of others; their managerial effectiveness is determined by their capacity to improve the work of others. If managers are not able to make this contribution, then what value are they adding? The only ultimate justification of managers existence is the improvement of the work of their subordinates. If managers fail in this way, they fail as managers. However how does this fit with social work values? Disciplinaries As the HRM role of the manager has increased, I have been involved in taking on additional tasks. Over the past year, I have been asked to chair absence disciplinary hearings. As a social worker, you learn to empower people through building on their positive actions and minimising the response to negative behaviours. Increasingly as a manager, I am call ed into a punitive role. Although I have been involved in chairing these absence disciplinary hearings, there is no real chairing involved- the decision has already been made and is enshrined in procedures. (Witness statements etc re absence hearings). These situations can be difficult. Staff may have years of good service with no absence but then hit trigger points in the current year and have to go through disciplinary hearings and there is no discretion allowed. This can be irrespective of medical advice, unless you employee has an underlying health problem. In such circumstances, reasonable adjustments must be made but they are still subject to same procedures and if you continue to be off lack of capability procedures can be considered leading to employee losing job. Another potentially punitive task I have been involved in is Fact Finding and the subsequent disciplinary hearing of a staff member (witness statements etc re fact-finding and disciplinary). Coulshed and Mullend er (2006, p111) describe how early theorists such as Weber and Taylor viewed conflict as undesirable and believed it destroyed morale. Normally as a manager I am trying to encourage staff to work towards a common goal as a team, but then I find myself in the uncomfortable position of interviewing team members individually, encouraging them to reveal poor practice by a colleague and to search for inconsistencies. Diversity Social Workers professional training includes knowledge and skills in work with oppressed populations. The agency I am employed in declares itself Inclusive, Supportive, Protective. It advertises that it has a policy to provide equal opportunities in all areas of its employment.   However Coulshed and Mullender (2006, pp200-205) suggest there is still a long way to go. They add that it is all too easy for employers to boast that they have equal opportunitiesÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ when in reality there may be no accompanying resources and only limited commitment On this course, a participant spoke openly about how the absence management procedures of her employer result in her taking annual leave rather than sick leave when her epilepsy affects her. Fundamentally, equal opportunity is a legislation that prevents discrimination on the grounds of race, sex, age, disability, religion etc. Yet, currently, discrimination can take more complex forms than can be simply identified by the groups covered in the equal opportunities legislation. Because of the shortcomings of the legislation, a more sophisticated and relatively new approach has been developed. The core theme of this approach is to recognise and appreciate the differences in the workforce and utilise those differences to achieve maximum outcome and profit. This new approach is known as managing diversity. One of the core differences between managing diversity and equal opportunity is associated with the force for change. Whereas external forces, such as government legislations, social fairness, ethical and human rights etc, tend to drive equal opportunities, managing diversity tends to be driven by internal forces within the organisational structure and is immediately connected with the bottom line. Another difference between these two approaches is their goals. The goal of equal opportunity has been mentioned as social justice and rectifying errors that have been made previously in the past: to correct an imbalance, an injustice, a mistake (Thomas, 1990, p108). On the other hand the main goal of managing diversity is discussed in much broader terms; that is to treat employees as individuals, acknowledge that each of them has unique needs and therefore will need different sorts of assistance in order to succeed. The core motivation behind the equal opportunity framework at governmental level and the equal opportunity strategies and practices at organisational level has been identified as an attempt to establish equality. For example, the creation of such a community or organisation, where men and women are dealt with in the same manner and no advantage or disadvantage is given to them based on their sex. In contrast, the term managing diversity is there to point out the significance of difference and put forward a viewpoint where difference is welcomed and is considered as an advantage rather than a disadvantage to the organisation. Hence, a lot of ambiguity and conflict still surround the two contrasting ideals. Conclusion Torrington, Hall and Taylor (2005) suggest that human resource management is about getting the right people to work in the most productive way in the positions most suited to their abilities. A psychological perspective has become increasingly important in HRM literature as well as in organisational behavioural research. This is because of the correlation between someones psychological condition and his or her work performance, (Bradburn, 1969; David and Smeeding, 1985; Wright and Cropanzan o, 2004). Human resource is considered an important strategic resource and its performance directly influences organisational competitive capabilities. I believe my employers are using a variety of methods including this CSWM course, Ready to Lead course and e-Learning to assist managers to develop a strong leadership style in order to encourage an organisational culture, which will in turn ensure that employee motivation, can be raised during the current difficult transformational stages. Financial reward is not the only approach to motivate employees and consideration is given to the provision of comfortable working environments, increased job satisfaction through effective communication and a strong inclusive organisational culture. Staff retention needs to be a key part of organisational strategies as satisfied employees are more productive and contribute more to creative and innovatory processes, (Wright and Cropanzano, 2004). I would suggest that what is more important about s taff retention is continuity for clients. New systems of line management incorporating HRM have possibly reduced the risk of malpractice (Whipp et al., 2004). I suggest that trying to make social work fit into and compete with the commercial sector has perhaps come at a price. There is now mounting evidence (e.g. Green 2006) of rising levels of stress and demoralisation in the social care workforce with record levels of sickness and absenteeism. The LGA conference on Lord Lamings review heard: The morale, status and training of child social workers also need to be improved. The latest polling has reinforced the LGAs fear that the fallout from Baby P will lead to a decline in respect for frontline workers and difficulty in attracting new recruits (https://www.lga.gov.uk/lga/core/page.do?pageId=1742737). There also appears to be less team spirit and more scepticism between basic grade workers and management. In the long term, this state of affairs may have a damaging impact o n the nature and quality of services provided by social work services. I would argue that the increase in HRM has resulted in more discourse, which separates the role of manager and social worker rather than combines it. Power (1997) has warned of the dangers of the audit society. Assumptions of distrust sustaining audit processes may be self-fulfilling as auditees adapt their behaviour strategically in response to the audit process thereby becoming less trustworthy. He points out that the very quality of service or output, which the audit process is intended to enhance, is itself damaged even though goals of efficiency and cost effectiveness are achieved. Social Work has always been dependent on a sense of professional vocation and a willingness to work above and beyond your contracted hours. The risk today is that management reforms are undermining this ethos and will weaken still further the local and moral economy that still prevails and, arguably, still sustains the best social work practice (Langan 2000, p167). As Taylor-Gooby puts it, Trust takes time to establish, but it is easy to destroy. (1999, p.101) Reviewing the results of surveys conducted by economic psychologists, he notes that contrary to the predictions of rational choice theory, peoples decisions in welfare markets are strongly influenced by a normative framework in which trust plays a key role. It appears that markets in welfare depend more on trust because of the importance of professional decisions and because of the difficulty of assessing future risks. Taylor-Gooby wonders to what extent current welfare markets are sustained by the moral legacy of the welfare state and how the erosion of this legacy might compromise efficiency. Essentially, it can appear that this style of management is focussing on failings, which puts further pressure on staff and can prevent them from dealing with their main business to support service users. In December 2005, Seddon produced a paper entitled Adu lt Social Care: a systems analysis and a better way forward. In it, he argued that there was a significant amount of time and effort being wasted on performance measures, which did not actually provide what service users required. He argued that activity measures, budget management, people management and IT systems are shown to be part of the problem. In essence, waste is a man-made phenomenon and it comes as a shock when managers realise the unintended consequences of their actions and insistence upon performance indicators as a measure of how well a service is doing. Social workers and our clients are not machines. HRM does not recognise that social work relies on professional discretion and this needs reflected throughout all our processes for staff and clients.

A Case Study on Cost Estimation and Profitability Analysis...

ISSUES IN ACCOUNTING EDUCATION Vol. 26, No. 1 2011 pp. 181–200 American Accounting Association DOI: 10.2308/iace.2011.26.1.181 A Case Study on Cost Estimation and Proï ¬ tability Analysis at Continental Airlines Francisco J. Romà ¡n ABSTRACT: This case exposes students to the application of regression analyses to be used as a tool pursuant to understanding cost behavior and forecasting future costs using publicly available data from Continental Airlines. Speciï ¬ cally, the case focuses on the harsh ï ¬ nancial situation faced by Continental as a result of the recent ï ¬ nancial crisis and the challenges it faces to remain proï ¬ table. It then highlights the importance of reducing and controlling costs as a viable strategy to restore†¦show more content†¦Continental’s internal forecasts indicated that a further decline in passenger volume should be anticipated throughout 2009, with a recovery in travel possibly occurring by the middle of 2010. To summarize, adverse economic conditions in the U.S., coupled with the rise in fuel costs, were dragging down Continental’s proï ¬ ts and relief was unlikely through the foreseeable future. THE DECISION TO REDUCE FLYING CAPACITY AND THE IMPACT ON OPERATING COSTS Given the situation described above, management needed to act swiftly to restore proï ¬ tability. Several strategic options were evaluated. Since the U.S. and much of the world was facing a severe recession, the prospect for growing revenues by either raising airfares or passenger volume seemed futile. Contrary to raising revenue, Continental’s managers believed that raising fares could potentially erode future revenues beyond the present level. Discounting fares did not seem a plausible solution either, because given the severity of the economic situation a fare cut could fall short in stimulating additional passenger demand and lead to lowering revenues. Thus, because management anticipated that revenues would remain ï ¬â€šat for most of the year, the only viable short-term solution to restoring proï ¬ ts was a substantial and swift reduction in operating costs. This could most effectively be accomplished in two ways. First, through a reduction in ï ¬â€šyingShow MoreRelatedA Case Study on Cost Estimation and Profitability Analysis at Continental Airlines8979 Words   |  36 PagesA Case Study on Cost Estimation and Profitability Analysis at Continental Airlines Francisco J. Romà ¡n Introduction In 2008, the senior management team at Continental Airlines, commanded by Lawrence Kellner, the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, convened a special meeting to discuss the firm’s latest quarterly financial results. A bleak situation lay before them. 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Citizenship and Governance Free Essays

Every individual contributes to the making and unmaking of governments and society. While certain individuals don’t necessarily engage in activities which contribute to the interests of the society they live in and governments which preside over it, most don’t exactly contribute to the detriment of the system and institutions which they belong to either. In response to Aristotle’s idea of what a citizen is and should constitute, in which he pronounces that one is only to be identified as such if he or she has the capacity and time for governance; I believe it overlooks other relevant duties and responsibilities an individual has and will continually have, as well as the multi-dimensional aspects of humanity which need not solely be confined to the instance of keeping to strictures and to public governance. We will write a custom essay sample on Citizenship and Governance or any similar topic only for you Order Now I believe that as a working wife and mother, I reserve the right to be afforded the term â€Å"citizen;† as do every parent who has to juggle domestic and familial duties with career and paid work. The bulk of necessary responsibilities and obligations which fall on people such as myself discounts me from finding the time or capacity to engage in matters concerning national governance, but that shouldn’t deprive me of being acknowledged as a citizen of this country. The necessary duties and obligations I may have to society and to government is necessarily fulfilled in looking after my children, and ensuring that they grow up to be responsible citizens and individuals like myself; and by participating in the work force or labor system, I don’t believe my effort falls short of what is to be generally expected of any and every individual in this country. Ultimately, there’s more than one thing to consider when it comes to regarding and acknowledging an individual’s apparent â€Å"citizenship† and significance to his or her country; and it is not, and should not be confined solely to one’s involvement in public governance. How to cite Citizenship and Governance, Papers

Competitive Strategy Australian Business Review

Question: Describe about the Competitive Strategy for Australian Business Review. Answer: Week 3: E-learning materials Key ideas from the e-learning activity Strategy in general Strategy derived from a Greek word Strategis which means: The art of the General. A strategy emphasize on various components such as low cost, global approach, regional acquisitions, healthy competition, first mover and industrial application (Hambrick and Fredrickson, 2001). A good strategy A good strategy is the one which answers these four questions mentioned questions in a clear and concise manner: Where do we compete? This question focuses on the selection of market, industry, product market and geographical market in which the organization wants to set up. What unique value do we bring? This question focuses on the reason that why any customer will choose the products and services of this organization instead of the competitors products and services. It includes various components such as cost for differentiation, reliability, customization, styling etc. What resources or capabilities do we utilize? This question focuses on the resources and capabilities we use for delivering the value such as exceptional human capital, superior technology, unrivaled network connections, unique reputation etc. How do we sustain unique value? This question focuses on the factors which allow an organization to continue to win overtime. It includes components such as identification of the competitors weaknesses and moves, rivals capability to imitate the products and services etc (Kryscynski, 2015). Application of the key ideas in an organization Broadband Solutions is one of the telecommunication organizations of Australia. The key ideas extracted from the e-learning activity can be directly implemented over Broadband Solutions (smartcompany, 2016). Being founded in 2005, the company has established its roots successfully. There are various learning and strategies which can be implement by Broadband Solutions for achieving success in long run such as the company can provide the customers with uniqueness by offering customized and tailored services by offering various innovative plan to differentiate the services from other telecommunication companies. Secondly being operating in Australia, Broadband Solutions should extend its regional acquisition by providing services through niche marketing and focusing on the deprived regions (broadbandsolutions, 2016). Thirdly to have a greater customer acquisition, Broadband Solutions should have low prices as the renowned telecommunication organization, Telstra has comparatively high p rices so if Broadband Solutions will offer services at lower prices it will able to acquire more customers (Adhikari, 2016). And by providing effective and satisfactory customer services the company will able to build its reputation in the market and can achieve success in longer run as well as it can also opt for globalization once it acquires the regional markets successfully. Week 4: E-learning materials Key ideas from the e-learning activity Reason behind letdown of big firms There are various successful companies who have suddenly lose their edge and experience a downfall such as Kodak, Nokia any many others. The only reason behind their letdown was not the insufficient resources, incomplete knowledge of market or any other. Rather all the organizations who experience downfall has one thing in common and that is they miss the moment of innovation as they were too busy in managing their daily business instead of envisioning the future opportunities. Innovation Presently innovation is widening in all the industries of business, without innovation it is merely impossible for the organization to sustain in upcoming future. Innovation either lowers the cost of products and services or increases the customer value and hence builds a competitive benefit. Misconceptions about innovation There are several misconceptions which are associated with the concept innovation. These are: Firstly the wrong concept that innovation stands only personal and it is particularly that which has never been had before by any other company. Secondly the notion that for achieving big success there is mandatory to have big resources. Thirdly the belief that innovation breakthrough the always based technologies Business Model Innovation A business model innovation is the one which give clear and concise answers to the below mentioned four major questions: Who should be your target customers? What you are for to the customers? How do you create the value prepositions? How do you generate revenue? Innovating a business model Following are the four major steps to innovate a business model. These are: Initiation Initiation focuses on analyzing the current business model in terms of the above mentioned 4 questions. Ideation Ideation focuses on confirming this business model with the established 55 Business Model Innovation patterns and develops new models. Integration Integration focuses on checking the consistency of the business model. Implementation Implementation requires high focus, there are various things which need to be in mind while implementing the business model such as only implement one business model at a time, clearly communicate the new business model and the need for change, dont adopt shortcuts as innovation needs time, there should be top management commitment i.e. the sponsorships are necessary and lastly the organization should overcome the not-invented syndrome (HSGUniStGallen, 2013). Application of the key ideas in an organization Top juice is one of the companies in the retail and consumer products industry which was founded in 2008. It has established itself on the grounds of innovativeness for proving salads, smoothies and healthy juices (smartcompany, 2016). The company will be able to effectively implement the key ideas extracted from the e-learning activity. There are various notions and concepts on which Top juice can work and can attain a successful business run such as it the initiation process company must analyze what all kind of beverages and products it is offering and it can offer and it must target its customers first as people of Australia prefer juices and salads very much but then too Top juice should segregate the regions where it can attract the customers more such as societies who are health conscious or who prefer dietary foods, the company must establish its branch at that place. Secondly it should confirm its business model with those set 55 Business Model Innovation patterns and must c ompare at what all places it lacks something and must develop its plans accordingly (Gassmann, Frankenberger and Csik, n.d.). Thirdly during integration it should check whether customers are attracting towards the products and services or not and also evaluate the reliability of the model. Lastly during implementation Top juice should put its entire focus over the dietary and healthy foods only rather than including other fast-food substances just to extend its chain and from time to time the company should develop its products so that there maintains an innovativeness (topjuice, 2014). References: Adhikari, S., (2016). Telstras mobile, net prices under fire. The Australian Business Review, Accessed on: 22nd August, 2016, Accessed from: https://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/telstras-mobile-net-prices-under-fire/news-story/13a8c25a10660e86adf73b865dfe4dca Broadbandsolutions, (2016). About Broadband Solutions, Accessed on: 22nd August, 2016, Accessed from: https://www.broadbandsolutions.com.au/about-us Gassmann, O., Frankenberger, K. and Csik, M., (n.d.). The St. Gallen Business Model Navigator, pp.14. Hambrick, D.C. and Fredrickson, J.W., 2001. Are you sure you have a strategy?. The Academy of Management Executive, 15(4), pp.48-59. HSGUniStGallen, (2013). Business Model Innovation, Accessed on: 22nd August, 2016, Accessed from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B4ZSGQW0UMIfeature=youtu.be Kryscynski, D., (2015). What is Strategy?, Accessed on: 22nd August, 2016, Accesssed from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TD7WSLeQtVwfeature=youtu.be Smartcompany, (2016). SMART50 AWARDS 201, Accessed on: 22nd August, 2016, Accessed from: https://www.smartcompany.com.au//smart50-awards-2015/ Topjuice,(20140. About us, Accessed on: 22nd August, 2016, Accessed from: https://www.topjuice.com.au/about-us/